1 IRRARY OF CONGRESS 

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UNIVERSAL EXHIBITION S"^ LOUIS 1904 



AUSTRIA 

Imperial Royal Ministry 
for Public Instruction 



EXHIBITION 

of Professional Schools 
for Arts and Crafts 




VIENNA 1904 
Published by the I. R. Ministry 




> 



V 



I 




Universal Exhibition S^ Louis 1904 



AUSTRIA 

Imperial Royal Ministry 
for Public Instruction 



EXHIBITION 

of Professional Schools 
for Arts and Crafts 







VIENNA 1904 
Published by the I. R. Ministry 



D □ 



D 



'.'/.° 



JAN 11 1905 
D. of D, 



Printed by Christoph Keisscr'a S6hne. Vienna V. 



PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN ARTS 
AND CRAFTS IN AUSTRIA. 

To meet the didactic requirements of the great and ever increasing 
development of industry the Austrian Government has founded an 
extensive network of professional schools based on a large scale, and 
conducted on uniform principles* 

The organizing of these schools by the Austrian state was begun 
33 years ago under the pressure of the general revolution of the 
19*^ century which, as is known, brought about a complete change 
in the conditions of production and living, and necessitated a thorough 
re^-organization of professions and trades. 

In leading circles the conviction forcibly gained ground that pro^ 
fessional education was no longer to be left to chance, or to private 
initiative. It had to be placed on an entirely new basis, and it was 
essential, in face of the rapidly increasing influence which the un^ 
expected development of technical science as well as the influence 
of high art had attained on arts and crafts, to supply the rising 
generation with special schools on a higher standard of professional 
and theoretical science and practical knowledge than heretofore. 

The Austrian Government has taken this new and difficult task 
energetically in hand and carried it through on the basis of a firm and 
consistent plan of organization and at great expense. 

In a short time numerous schools and auxiliary institutions were 
founded to satisfy the claims of industry and handicraft, and during 
the last three decades they have been increased and the standard raised 
and adapted to keep pace with the demands of the times. 

To meet the requirements of the great variety of life in arts and 
crafts and the diflFerence of local circumstances, the organization and 
teaching at the professional schools for arts and crafts is exceedingly 
varied. Students of either sex from 12 years upwards, of every craft, 
have been taken into consideration in these schools. 

The system of instruction is so arranged as to enable pupils firstly 
to perfect themselves in any special professional craft, secondly to give 



1* 



further instruction to those already employed in arts and crafts and 
finally to prepare candidates for such a calling. 

According to the standard, the aims and the method of teaching, 
the schools are classified as follows: 

a) High School for Arts and Crafts (Hohere Gewerbeschule). 
Its purpose is to perfect young men who possess a certain general 
knowledge (the four lower classes of a secondary school, or with a 
fair pass at a middle class school) and who intend devoting themselves 
to a more extended and higher industrial calling in art handicraft, 
architecture, mechanics, chemistry, electro^'technic or textile industry, 
and who aspire to positions as finished art^handicraftsmen, architects 
or builder's/'foremen; as managers of small industrial establishments or 
as technical and art overseers in large factories, workshops &c. &c. 
Besides the necessary professional knowledge and skill, this type of 
school offers a higher standard of general education. 

No previous practical experience is at present demanded before 
entering the school, nor is it necessary to be practising a trade 
simultaneously. The instruction is principally theoretic with the 
exception of that in those higher schools for arts and crafts which 
come under the category of art schools. 

The course of instruction lasts 4 years. 

b) The Professional Art School (Fachschule) has the purpose 
of perfecting its students in some craft. Special weight is laid upon 
the systematic practice in the workshops and upon instruction in 
drawing and modelling; while theoretical teaching is kept in the 
back ground. 

All who have satisfactory proofs of having passed all the classes 
of the elementary School (which in Austria is until the completion 
of the 14^^ year) can, as a rule, be admitted. 

The course of instruction lasts from 3 — 4 years, and if the student 
has had previous practical experience, even a still shorter period. 
This class of school takes the place of apprenticeship. 

At present there are professional art^schools for lace^'work, textile^ 
industry, carpentry and cabinet making, basket-work, stone^masonry, 
pottery, glass^decorating; for iron and steel^working, machinery, elec^ 



trfcity; for locksmith's^work, working in crude^'iron, the manufactury 
of musical instruments and bronze articles, for mounting and working 
precious stones, for machine embroidery, clock/rnaking and gunmaking, 

c) The Foreman's School (Werkmeisterschule)* This school is 
for giving workmen who have had long practice in trade, professional^ 
theoretical, and as far as possible, practical instruction in a short 
time, in order to open up for them a larger and more copious sphere 
of work as master/craftsmen, foremen, builder's superintendents, 
draughtsmen &c. &c. 

The Conditions of admission are the passing of the elementary 
school and several years' practice in some trade* At present there 
are schools for the building^trade, for machinery, electricity, weaving, 
spinning, dyeing and dressing* 

The instruction on building is mostly given only during the winter 
months, whilst the pupils are working practically during the summer* 
The course of instruction extends over a period of two years; for 
the building department from 4 — 5 terms* 

The newly established "School for Builders and Art Craftsmen" 
(BaU'' und Kunsthandwerkerschulen) is a sort of foreman's school and is 
organized in the same way but has a shorter period of instruction. 

d) The General Artisans' School (Allgemeine Handwerker/* 
schule), which takes pupils of la years of age offers them a better 
preliminary education for their profession than can be obtained at the 
elementary schools* The course of instruction lasts from 2 — 3 years* 
Particular attention is paid to instruction in drawing as well as to 
practical teaching in workshops in the rudiments of wood and meta^ 
working* 

e) Continuation School for Arts and Crafts (Gewerbliche 
Fortbildungsschule)* This school is above all intended for the further 
education of artisans and factory apprentices, who are bound by 
law to attend the same* 

Masters and assistants may also attend these schools* 

The instruction takes place in the afternoon or early part of the 

evening of particular week-days and on Sunday mornings ; and the 

course lasts from 2 — 4 years* 



These schools are divided into general and special^continuation 
schools for arts and crafts. The former have to take into considera^* 
tion the didactic requirements of all the trades represented in the 
different places where the schools are, and the latter offer the students 
of a special trade, or group of allied trades an opportunity of more 
advanced instruction. Teaching includes in both cases technical and 
commercial knowledge as well as that of arts and crafts. Particular 
attention is paid to drawing. 

Besides these five types of schools we find within the organization 
of many schools other branches of teaching for the promotion of 
technical knowledge. Amongst them we may mention: 

The public drawing and modelling rooms which give master^ 
craftsmen and their assistants the opportunity of using the models 
belonging to the schools for copying under the superintendence of 
the teachers. 

Special courses for stokers, engine men and electricians, on hygiene 
concerning the working people, on the prevention of accidents, mc^ 
chanical^weaving, road surveying, construction of canals &c. &c. ; 

Finally courses in drawing and modelling, held for pupils of the 
elementary and middle schools in order to give them a better pre^ 
paration for their vocation in life. 

According to the didactic requirements to be fulfilled and the 
sphere of work proposed, the basis of organization and administration 
of the professional schools is varied. 

There are some schools which represent only one of the above 
named principal types, others which include two or more of them 
(even of heterogenous tasks) besides a number of secondary depart^ 
ments under one management. Finally there are special schools which 
form centres for teaching and research whose sphere of activity is 
extended all over Austria or at least over a great part of the country. 

Besides the very extensively organized and much frequented schools 
which are fitted out with all the modern appliances, there exists 
a number of smaller and minor institutions of various degrees of im^ 
portance and different aims. 



It IS quite impossible from a technical standpoint to class these 
schools systematically, as nearly every one has its own individual 
feature and they are only to a certain degree uniform. The schools 
have been arranged in groups in so far as their administration cor*' 
responds. 

1. Central Institutions for Arts and Crafts(GewerblicheZentra^ 
anstalten) which have higher aims and more extensive spheres of work 
of certain faculties. To these belong the Austrian Museum for Art and 
Industry, Vienna ; Schools for Arts and Crafts in Vienna and Prague ; 
Technological Industrial Museum, Vienna; the Graphic Education 
and Experiment Institution, Vienna; the Experimental School for 
Leather Work, Vienna; the Central Lace^SchooI, Vienna; Art Em^ 
broidery /'School, Vienna; Model School for Basket^rnaking, Vienna. 

All the above-mentioned leading technical institutions are under 
the control of the State. 

2. State Schools for Arts and Crafts (Staats^Gewerbeschulen). 
These include several of the types above-mentioned. There are also 
combinations of higher schools for Arts and Crafts with foremen's 
schools, continuation/'schools and special courses ; and further foremen's 
schools with continuation^'schools and also different professional schools 
and other classes attached. 

At present there are 21 State Schools for Arts and Crafts. 

3. Schools for Builders and Art Craftsmen (Bau^ und Kunst^^ 
handwerkerschulen). These schools are in the course of organization. 

4. Professional Schools for Arts (Fachschulen). The work of 
these schools is either devoted to the requirements of any local trade 
or covers a group of allied trades (e. g. cabinet making, wood/'carving, 
turning). A great number of these special schools is provided with 
continuation classes, public drawing^^rooms, draughting and modelling 
courses &c. &c. At present there are 82 professional government schools 
for Arts and 75 schools subsidised by the State. 

5. General Artisans' Schools (Allgemeine Handwerkerschulen). 
To their principal type are added continuation schools, public drawing 
rooms and other special divisions. 



At present there are 6 government artisans' schools and 5 sub^ 
sidised by the State. 

6. General Artisans' and special Artisans' Continuation 
Schools and General Drawing Schools. (Allgemein^gewerbliche 
und fachlich^'gewerbliche Fortbildungsschulen und allgemeine Zeichen^ 
schulen). 

At present there are 850 continuation schools; the number of the 
special artisans' continuation schools is still comparatively small, and 
endeavours are being made to increase it. 

The continuation schools are mostly supported locally; (by Local 
Boards, The Country, Chambers of Commerce and Industry, and 
Trades' Unions), but the majority of them are subsidised by the 
Government (generally to the extent of Y3 of the yearly total ex^ 
penditure). Private schools are subsidised as soon as the State has 
a certain influence in the management. 

Instruction in all these schools is so arranged that school and 
practice go hand in hand. With few exceptions only such an or^ 
ganization can transmit to the pupils, at a minimum expenditure of 
time and money, that extensive theoretical and practical knowledge 
which the present and future of industrial life has a right to demand. 
Pupils with practical experience form the best material for the school, 
and on leaving remain faithful to the trade they have chosen. 

Special care is taken on the part of the administration of public 
instruction to obtain a certain co-^operation of the various schools; 
this is brought about on the one hand by a central management, 
administration, and inspection, and on the other hand by a number 
of these institutions being organized as central boards to a number 
of other lower schools and courses which they influence in an 
especially artistic, technical and commercial direction. 

A number of the State schools for artisans are fitted out with 
laboratories for experiments and for testing materials, whilst others 
have workshops furnished with manual and mechanical power. 

The Board of Education works out and controls the programme 
of instruction at all the above named schools. 



Government expenditure"^) for the development of this kind of 
professional instruction is very high^ 

In 1904 the total budget amounted to 9,5 11 ,467 Kronen. The 
attendance of the schools is constantly increasing. In 1903 — 1904 
26.307 pupils attended the various above mentioned Government 
schools for arts and crafts^ and 115.000 pupils the continuation classes. 

All these Schools are regularly inspected. There are two kinds of 
inspection, the one concerning teaching in special branches all over 
the country, the other embracing all the schools for various arts and 
crafts of only a certain district. 

The teachers are chosen to correspond with the different degrees 
of instruction. 

They are mostly comprised of engineers, architects, machinists 
and chemists; of finished men from the Art^Handicraft^Schools, 
Academy of Arts, teachers from Intermediate Schools and also of 
foremen and professional^teachers who have practical knowledge in 
trade and factory. 

With the exception of the teachers for general subjects, only such 
men are engaged who have had several years' practice. 

The advancement and progress of the teachers as well as arrange^ 
ments for their pensions and the care of widows and orphans is all 
attended to by the State on certain fixed rules. At the Continuation 
Schools, teachers from the elementary and middle class schools are 
mostly employed, but for the drawing classes for crafts, the teachers 
must undergo a special course of training. 

At present there are no special training colleges for teachers at 
Schools for Arts and Crafts, but nevertheless arrangements have been 
made to give teachers the necessary education. These arrangements 
are as follows: — 

I. Teachers and candidates are sent to school and industrial estab-' 
lishments at home and abroad. 

*) Austria, the Western part of the Austro^Hungarian Empire, which has an area of 
622.000 square Kilometers and a population of about 45 Millions, has an area of 
300.000 square Kilometers and a population of 26,151,000. An average of 36 hellers per 
head is spent on professional instruction. 



2. Candidates for special professions are educated at public expense. 

3. Periodical conferences of directors and teachers are held. 

4. Special technical courses are held for teachers. 

5. Instruction of teachers on latest improvements is given by visiting 
masters. 

6. Finally a journal is published by the Board of Education, 
"Education in Arts and Crafts in Austria" (Zentralblatt fur gewerb^ 
liches Unterrichtswesen*) which contains all the official decrees, 
changes in the staff and also a list of the books and appliances for 
teaching approved of. In the non^official part, questions on the 
sphere of technical education are discussed. 

Great weight is laid on the means of instruction and the appliances 
for giving the same. Support is given to the inventors of these 
appliances, for which special offices and depots exist. Moreover 
private Museums are subsidised by Government, as their Collections 
and Libraries greatly help this instruction. 

Numerous grants and scholarships are given to deserving and 
needy pupils. Such pupils are not only supported during their studies, 
but are when specially gifted assisted to continue the same at home 
and abroad. 

In the foregoing pages only those institutions have been taken 
into consideration which have a purely pedagogic and didactic aim. 
But besides these aims the schools and colleges have another very 
important duty, namely the direct influence on trade by keeping up 
a regular intercourse between the schools and industrial life. From 
small beginnings this intercourse has developed most satisfactorily. 
The means for further developing and maintaining this intercourse 
are: i. Instructing the Tradesmen. 2. Putting orders in their way. 
3. Professional advice and information free of charge. 4. Lending 
models, drawings and sketches. 5. Furthering the economic under^ 
takings of those engaged in trade and aiming at mutual help. 
6. Taking interest in exhibitions of work done by apprentices, and 
finally by sending out visiting teachers to give lectures on technical 
subjects. 

*) Vienna, Alfred Holder. Price 12 K. 21 volumes have been published. 



10 



The last mentioned institution has proved to be of great importance, 
it represents a form of teaching which might be greatly developed ; it 
has become more and more popular and attained greater results among 
those in trade, than any other form of instruction and has undoubtedly 
a great future. The results of the school teaching come to light 
only slowly and by degrees, whilst visiting teachers have an im^ 
mediate and direct influence on the technical calling of the craftsmen 
and the effect of their teaching is at once visible. The chief object 
of the lectures held by visiting teachers is to propagate amongst 
the small tradespeople, both in towns and outlying districts, know^ 
ledge tending to their artistic, technical and economic advancement. 

The expense of this is borne by the Board of Education. 

In concluding this general report it must still be remarked that 
Education for Arts and Crafts is not yet regulated by law because 
this modern branch of education is still in embryo and consequently 
necessitates a constant change and reorganization. 



II 2* 



INSTITUTIONS FOR FURTHERING ARTS 
AND CRAFTS. 

During the last four decades Austrian Arts and Crafts have made 
great progress and obtained quite a high position in the market of 
the world. 

In this branch remarkable progress has of late been made, partis 
cularly as regards originality of the form, taste, and perfect finish of 
articles produced, which are much esteemed at home and abroad. 

To a great extent this development owes its success to a number 
of institutions which have been formed by the Government for re^ 
viving and furthering this important branch of production. These 
institutions are : — 

The Austrian Museum for Art and Industry in Vienna. 

The Schools for Arts and Crafts in Vienna and Prague. 

The Graphic Education and Experiment Institution in Vienna. 

The Art Embroidery School in Vienna. 

The Central Lace School in \^enna. 

The Model School for Basket^making in Vienna. 

The numerous Schools for Arts and Crafts in the country. 

The Austrian Museum for Arts and Industry, Vienna, w^hich 
was founded in 1863 is the centre of all this movement in the 
domain of Arts and Crafts. The impulse for founding this Museum, 
dates back to the beginning of the 19 th Century, it was due 
to the want of taste exhibited, the decrease in the appreciation of 
Art, and the desire for total independence from France, whose Art 
productions claimed universal preference. 

In its position as the leading institution, this Museum has many 
spheres of work. Above all others it has to increase the productive 
power of Art^Handicraft, to improve and ennoble the taste of workers 
in Art as well as that of the public, and in this way to further 
activity in Arts and Crafts. Besides this it has to lead Art^Handicraft 
into higher spheres, to sharpen and educate the desire for original 
standard art creations, and to influence provincial Art Schools in the 



12 



same direction. The Museum has at the same time to facilitate 
the sale of work of home Handicrafts, especially for export, and 
finally it has to initiate and fructify new branches of Art activity. 

The Museum acts as an intermediary for arranging business between 
buyers abroad and home Art^dealers and gives for this purpose any 
information required. 

To assist the Museum to fulfil its many sided and important 
duties, it has a rich collection of ancient works of Art, an extensive 
and excellent library, and collections of standard works of modern 
Handicraft. It arranges periodical special Exhibitions in Vienna and 
the Provinces, provides for lectures and classes on Art^Handicraft 
subjects, and offers prizes for successful plans, drawings and objects 
of Art produced by exhibitors. It publishes various papers on ''Art^ 
Handicraft'^ as well a monthly Magazine "Kunst und Kunsthand-' 
werk'^*) 

For the education of young people, the training of teachers in 
Art, and for general instruction in drawing, the School for Arts 
and Crafts of the '* Austrian Museum for Art and Industry'' in 
Vienna and the School for Arts and Crafts in Prague have been 
established. 

Besides preparatory courses, these Schools have training Classes 
and special workshops for Architecture, Decorative^painting, Plastic, 
Wood ''Carving, Art ^Embroidery, Lace ^designing. Chasing &c., and 
also courses of instruction for training candidates in Drawing. 

Both these schools are organized on an entirely modern basis, 
and have already produced a great number of good craftsmen as 
well as competent teachers; they have by these means influenced 
the prosperity of Arts and Crafts and added greatly to the 
reorganisation of teaching in designing, modelling and painting. 

The "School and Experimental Laboratory for Graphic Art'' in 
Vienna teaches the best methods used in photography and graphic 
reproductions, and facilitates their application to art, industry and 
science, whilst purely artistic, technical, physical and chemical subjects 

*) Vienna, Artaria & Co.: Price yearly 24 Kronen. 



13 



are attended to with equal zeal. This institution has, no doubt, 
added much to the great development of graphic art in Austria, and 
served like the former three schools as a model for similar edu^ 
cational establishments in other countries. 

The School for Art^'embroidery in Vienna is likewise organized 
as a central and leading institution, it serves for the education of 
first class embroiderers. All kinds of embroidery are taught there, 
the school aims at the revival of ancient technics and the intro^ 
duction of new ones. 

In this school unique patterns are thought out and made, and the 
eye becomes educated to judge correctly; by these means taste is refined 
and the influence of art in general on embroidery is acknowledged. 
In close connection with this institution there is a studio where 
former students of the Art^schools are encouraged to invent new 
forms and designs and to develop their technical knowledge under 
the direction of competent teachers. Much success has been the 
reward of these endeavours. 

The Central Lace^making Course in Vienna may be called a 
distinct organization of itself in consequence of the heterogenous 
duties it has to perform. Besides perfecting professional lace-rnakers 
and teachers in every branch of this art, — pillow4ace, needle and 
crochet^lace, — it has to act as the head^office in all artistic, technical 
and even commercial matters as far as the lace^industry of the whole 
country is concerned, including all schools, courses and classes. 

Since its foundation, the "Central^Lace^making Course" in Vienna 
has been providing the Austrian lace^industry, which is at present 
a very thriving one, with new designs invariably made by firsts-rate 
artists. Moreover, it promulgates new methods and technics, it 
causes experiments to be made with new materials and eventually 
introduces them. 

It collects orders by the aid of the "Society for the Development 
of the Lace Industry in Austria",*) and distributes them amongst the 
provincial schools and by those among private lace makers; by these 

*) Vienna. Scilergassc 14. 



14 



means the central lace course influences the general lace production 
and adds to the chances of a regular sale. Therefore, this "Course" 
is, like the "Vienna Basket^making School" not only an educational, 
but to a certain extent also a commercial undertaking, as it regulates 
price and supply according to the prevailing tendency of the demand 
and often provides hundreds of hands, men and women, with pro^* 
fitable work. 

The statistics show a constantly increasing export of Austrian lace» 

The "Vienna Model^workshop for Basket^making" pursues in 
its way the same aims and undertakes the same duties, but carries 
its means of assistance even so far as to keep large willow^plantations 
from which basket^'makers are furnished with the best sorts of ma^ 
teriaL 

This above named workshop provides the schools and home^ 
workers with good patterns, it forms foremen and teachers and 
gives to the working people all technical and commercial informa*' 
tion required. 

In consequence of the favourable influence produced by these 
schools, the Austrian basket industry became entirely independent of 
foreign supplies, and the export rose to a satisfactory figure. 

The endeavours of the Board of Trade to promote lace and basket 
work as well as the toy^making industry*) are of the greatest import' 
tance, as these branches of work are persued as a kind of home in^ 
dustry by the inhabitants of villages who struggle hard for existence. 

It is a sphere of government action of the greatest importance 
to allow these classes of the population, which have hitherto to a 
great extent been excluded from modern culture, to participate in the 
advantages of joint action and self help. 

All other schools that were mentioned at the beginning of this 
report, with the exception of those of an exclusively technical 
character, as the construction of machinery, electro^'technics &c., 
pursue their tasks more or less from an artistic point of view, 
yet without losing sight of the technical, technological and com^ 

*) Visiting teachers give the workmen good models and technical hints. 



15 



mcrcial interests connected with the corresponding industry. In all 
art^schools drawing, painting and modelling are the principal and 
fundamental subjects. 

The reformative movement begun by the Ministry several years 
ago will soon be carried through. 

The old method of teaching Applied Art, whereby the imagination 
and creative faculties of the pupils were suppressed, consisted chiefly 
in fostering mere manual dexterity, viz., copying conventional designs 
and drawing from plaster casts. This method did not suit the higher 
requirements of the present times any longer. 

The new methods require above all, the early and profound study 
of forms and colour in nature, the development of the faculty of ob^ 
serving correctly, of retaining and reproducing impressions. They further 
require that drawing and modelling should go hand in hand, that 
taste ought to be cultivated, and invention, energy and individual talent 
should be systematically furthered. 

The letters of different alphabets were deemed worthy of an 
artistic reformation, the way of teaching in the different styles of 
architecture and teaching by means of objects have been changed, in 
short a thorough revolution of the old system has taken place. 

In the short interval between the abolition of the old method of 
teaching and the introduction of the new one in 1899, the Ministry for 
Public Instruction had great difficulty in procuring the necessary 
number of competent teachers. This drawback was effectually removed 
three years ago by the establishment of daily courses for teachers. 
Since that time courses have been arranged at government expense 
during the five weeks of school vacation. 

These courses*) have proved an effective means of propagating 
modern teaching. ^X^thin a short time good and sometimes astonishing 
results have shown themselves at the shools, not only greater zeal and 
interest have been awakened but also less talented students obtained 
better results than before. 

*) Host of them are held in Salzburg. 



16 



Regular inspections of the schools by competent officials are held 
and examinations take place and measures taken according to results 
obtained. 

Finally it is but just to note the very favourable influence upon 
the progress of applied art caused by the activity of provincial 
schools. These, besides having their own resources, are being liberally 
supplied with models, drawings, and all necessary appliances for teaching 
by a central institution called the Office for Providing Means for the 
Teaching in Arts and Crafts at the Austrian Museum for Arts and 
Industry. 

This office has continually to provide the abovenamed schools 
with numerous graphic reproductions of designs for arts and crafts 
and of objects executed. These draughts done in a way so as to be 
serviceable for the workshop are used not only by the schools but 
are also handed over to the workers in arts and crafts. Hitherto 
150.000 sheets of these reproductions have been distributed. These 
united exertions will produce within a short time an important 
improvement in art production even in remote districts. The par^ 
tiality of the population for Art products and their natural ability 
in that direction will be developed by these means, and we may 
reach a state of general promotion of Arts and Crafts which was 
characteristic to former times in Austria. 



The exhibition of objects sent by professional art^schools has been 
carried out by the government inspector of the latter, i. e. Hofrat 
Artur von Scala, director of the Austrian Museum for Arts and 
Industry, Vienna. 



17 



COLLECTIVE EXHIBITION OF THE IMP, 
ROY. PROFESSIONAL ART^SCHOOLS. 

The following schools 21c represented: 

Bcch)m (Bohemia), L R. School for Ceramic art. 

Ber^reichenstein (Bohemia). L R School for Wood-^rork. 

Bobowa (Galida). School for Lice^^naking. 

Bozen (Tjrol). L R. School for Arts and Crafts. 

Bradk oHor (StTria). L R School ficH^ Wood and Iron^woi^ 

Chnidim (Bohemia). L R. School for Wood-^rork. 
Cortina d'Ampezzo (Tjrorx L R. School foe Wood^work. 

Drosao (B<^iemia). School fo Lace^making. 

Ferlach (CarinthiaX L R. Sdiool for Gtm'makEo? 

Gahkmz (Bohemia). LRArt^School for Brass^:^ - . 

for makers of Articles in Bronze etc 
Gftwrng r un (Bohemia). L R. School for Needle^ace^^naking, 
Goctesgah (Bohemia). School for Lace^making. 
Graz (Scyria). I. R, P i o fessi ooal Azt^SdiooL 
Grubch (B<^iemiaX L R. School for Wood^wotk. 

Haida (Bohemia^ I- R- School for Glass^making. 
HaDein (Sald>cirg), L R. School for Wood^arrir ^ 

Hallstatt (Upper'Anstria). L R. Schoc^ for Woo. 
Hork (Bohemia), L R School for Scnlptots and Sc : 

Idria (CamiolaX L R School for Lace-^naking. 
Inni br u ck (Tjjoi), L R Pi ofrs s ion a l Axt^Schoc^ 

Jagcmdorf (Sdilesien), L R Sdiool fof WeaTing. 

Karlstein (BchenoAy L R School for Watch^ and Cfodk-^making. 
Ko uiggia lz (Bohemia^ L R School for An^Iron^^roHi. 
Ko u^ibei g on Eger (Bohemia)^ L R School for Wood^work. 
Kokxnca (Galicia). L R School for Wood-work. 



18 



Laas (Tyrol), L R. School for Stone^work. 

Laibach (Carniola), I. R. School for Wood^work and Embroidery. 

Lemberg (Galicia), L R. Professional Art>SchooL 

Luserna (Tyrol), I. R. School for Lace^making. 

Oberleutensdorf (Bohemia), I. R. School for Modelling and Toy^making. 

Predazzo (Tyrol), I. R. School for Lace^making. 
Proveis (Tyrol), I. R. School for Lace^making. 

City of Salzburg (Salzburg), I. R, Professional Art^SchooL 

City of Salzburg (Salzburg), Course for Training Industrial Teachers. 

Steinschonau (Bohemia), I. R. School for Glass^making. 

Tachau (Bohemia), I. R. School for Wood^work. 

TeplitZ'-Schonau (Bohemia), I. R. School for Art^pottery and similar 

Crafts. 
Turnau (Bohemia), I. R. School for Polishing and Setting Precious Stones. 

Villach (Carinthia), L R. School for Wood^work. 

Vienna I (Lower^Austria), I. R. School for Art^embroidery. 

Vienna I (Lower^Austria), I. R. Central Lace^making course. 

Vienna II (Lower^Austria), I. R. Model^workshop for Basket^weaving. 

Vienna VI (Lower^Austria), I. R. School for Weaving. 

Vienna VII (Lower^Austria), I. R. Establishment and Experimental 

Laboratory for Graphic Arts. 
Walachisch^Meseritsch (Moravia), I. R. School for Wood^work. 
Wallern (Bohemia), I. R. School for Wood^work. 

Zakopane (Galicia), I. R. School for Wood^work. 

General arrangement and decorations designed by Prof. Rud. Hammel, 
Vienna, in co-'Operation with the office of the Austrian Museum 
for Arts and Industry. All wooden parts made of Slavonian oak. 

Porch: Zakopane (^X^ngs of a folding door); Hallein (Lateral Columns); 
Koniggratz (Wrought iron ornament). 



19 3* 



Wainscot: ^llach (Panelling); Bozen and Cortina d'Ampezzo (Intarsia 
Panels); Hallstatt, Lemberg and Salzburg (car\-ed panelling); Bozen 
(carved Columns in the four passages) ; Koniggratz (wrought iron 
ornament). 

Ceiling : Walachisch^Meseritsch. 

Fireplace with side^\^-ings : Bozen (wood^work and car\-ings) ; Bechyn 
(grate); Teplitz^Schonau (decorative panel) ; Graz (blower of wrought 
iron and copper) ; Kolomea (carved benches) ; Tachau (turned 
flower^tand); Bergreichenstein (wooden arch and panelling). 

Showcases near the entrance: Chrudim and Konigsberg. 

Carved Twin^benches : Innsbruck and Hallein. 

Showcase for guns : Hallein. 

Show-case standing apart : Grulich. 

Marble^fountain : Laas. 

Marble>^tand : Horic. 

Table: Salzburg. 

Metal Mountings : Lemberg. 

Wall Tapestry: School for Textiles. Vienna. 

Portieres: Art^embroidery School Vienna. I. R. Schools at Graz and 
Laibach. 

Carpet: Jagemdorf. 

In show-^ases near entrance: 

Lace*) made in the Central Lace^making Course, Vienna ; also in 
Bobowa, Drosau. Gossengriin, Gottesgab, Idria, Lusema. Predazzo 

♦) In sending orders for lacC'reproducdons it is requested to mention the number under 
which the desired piece is exhibited. Address: Verein zur Hebung der Spitzenindustrie, 
L Seilergasse 14. Vienna.. 



20 



and Provefs. Embroidery from the corresponding departments of 
the Industrial Schools in Vienna, Graz and Laibach; Toys from 
Oberleutensdorf, 

In the show/case standing apart to the right: 

Jewellery and Settings of Precious Stones from Cortina d'Ampezzo, 

Gablonz and Turnau, Repousse Metal^work from Gablonz, Fancy^ 

glasses from Haida and Steinschonau. 

Show/case: Small Firez-arms from the School in Ferlach, 

For decorating the room: Articles from the Salzburg Industrial 
Courses; Graphic Reproductions from the School and Experi'' 
mental Laboratory for Graphic Art, Vienna; Terracotta Vessels 
from the Industrial Schools in Bechyn and Teplitz-^Schonau ; 
Carvings of figures in Wood from the Schools in Bozen and 
Hallstatt; Basket-work from the Model^workshrop for Basket^ 
making, Vienna. 



21 




Gentleman's room. Mahogony furniture. Designed 
by Prof. R. Ha mm el. Executed in the modcl^work^ 
shop for Art.'joinery of the I. R. Technological 
DD Museum for Applied Art. Vienna. on 



>s/d 



& 



Facsimile of a door in 
the '^Golden Chamber'', 
Hohensalzburg Castle. By 
the I. R. School for Arts 
and Crafts in the city 
of Salzburg and the I. R. 
Professional School at 
D D Koniggratz. d a 




Fire-place for gas. By Prof. Rudolf 
Ha mm el, made by L. & C. Hardt- 
DD muth, Vienna. dd 




Fan of needle lace. Made in the I. R. Central Lace^course in Vienna after sketch 
DD from Prof. Joh. Hrdlicka's Book on Lace. dd 




Collar needle lace. By 
KarlVlcek, executed in 
the Central Lace^course, 
DD Vienna. an 




' ^^»'^^^^^;rm^'f^Xf"'' 



I 



: ' -<* ' ' 




r> 


'... 


fa:* 












w 

■^'t 









Scarf in satin stitch, made in the I. R. Art-'embroidery School, Vienna. 




Sketches of flower of the Verbascum family for 
carvings in wood. Designed in the Salzburg 
Professional Drawing Course by A. Bayer. 




Nigella floral motives for plastics. Made in the 
Professional Drawing course at Salzburg. By 
ba A. Bayer. an 



1 




Grasshopper. Sketch for decorative purposes. By 
J. Schottenhaml in the Professional Drawing 
DD Course at Salzburg. a a 




Fuchsia. For decorative purposes in ceramic. Made in the Proiessioiial Drawing 
Course at Salzburg by F. Nowotny. odd 



DDD 




DDD 



Wine^room. Salzburg Professional Drawing Course. By K. V. Delncri. 



DDD 



0+ 




Interior. From the publication ..Wohnraume** 
(Living Rooms), published by the headoffice 
DD for Applied Art'schools. oa 



IMPERIAL ROYAL SCHOOL FOR ARTS 
AND CRAFTS IN PRAGUE. 

(DIRECTOR: ARCHITECT GEORG STIBRAL.) 

General arrangements and decorations by Prof. J. Kot^ra, drawings 
for the joiner's and wo od^* carver's work made under Prof. J. Kotera. 
Wood^work of oak inlaid with rosewood by Strnad & Vanicek, 
Prague. 

Fire-place of red Bohemian marble, designed in Prof. J. Kotfera's, de^ 
partment, executed by L. Salda in Prague. Decorative Panels 
of bronze and onyx, designed by Prof. S. Sucharda, cast by 
Karl Bendelmayer in Prague; Grate of wrought iron, designed 
in Prof. J. KotSra's department, carried out by Wenzel Nejedly 
in Prague. 

Panels of cut tiles, designed in Prof. J. BeneS's department, made 
in the Rakonitz Chamotte^ Works. 

Lighting Apparatus of iron and copper with iridescent glass ; designed 
in Prof. J. Kotera's department, made by Wenzel Nejedly in 
Prague. 

Painted Panels for decorative purposes, designed by Prof. J. Schika^ 
neder, and made in his department. 

Two ornamental Panels of bronze and covered with patina ; designed 
by Prof. C. KIou5ek and modelled by his pupils. Cast by Karl 
Bendelmayer in Prague. 

Two Wood Panels, designed and made in Prof. J. Kastner's de^ 
partment. 



47 



Two Panels with figure designs of terracotta, made in the general 
modelling workshop of Prof. S. Sucharda. 

Bust of wood; designed, carved and painted in Prof. J. Kastner's 
department. 

Embroideries for the frieze, the furniture and skylight, designed in 
Prof. J. Kot^ra's department and executed in the departments 
of the Misses Ida Krauth and Wilhelmina Kudelka. 

In show-cases : Metal^work, designed by Prof. E. Novak and his 
students, made in the students' workshop. Fancy^glasses, designed 
in Prof. J. Kot^ra's department, and made in the glass-works 
of Count Johann Harrach in Neuwelt (Bohemia); Plaquettes by 
Prof. S. Sucharda; Book^bindings from sketches by Prof. A. Hell-' 
messen's students; Small Plastic Objects in terracotta and bronze, 
designed in Prof. S. Sucharda's department; Earthen Vessels 
with plastic decorations, mostly by Prof. C. Kloucek and modelled 
by his students. Made in the Rakonitz Chamotte^ Works. 



48 




VvXss 



J^. 



DD Ornamental door of stone. By Prof. C. Kloucek and his School. dd 



tmmmm'mtmm 




Frieze in embroidery. Made in the Art^ 
DD embroidery School. no 



Ornamental Panel. Made in Prof. 
DD J. Schikanedcr's School. an 



7* 






Candle-Stick in repousse work. Made in 
D Prof. E. NovAk's School. n 



Decorative figure. Made in Professor 
D S. Sucharda's Modelling School. a 



p 





Etched Drinking^Glas^ 
scs and tumblers. De^ 
signed in Professor 
D J. Kotera's School, d 



Carved Mirror-frame. 
Made in Prof. J. Kast- 
D ner's School. d 



IMR ROYAL SCHOOL FOR ARTS AND 
CRAFTS OF THE AUSTRIAN MUSEUM, 

VIENNA. 

(DIRECTOR: FELICIAN BARON VON MYRBACH,) 

General arrangements and decorations designed by Prof. Josef HoS^ 
mann, executed by ]. W, Miiller; Vienna. 

Anteroom: Artistic ^OC^ndow Glazing, executed in the department 
of Prof. Kolo Moser. In glazed frames Woodcuts and Algraphies 
from Prof. v. Myrbach and Prof. Kolo Moser's departments. 

Principal room: Frieze of plaited ribbons, designed in the studio of 
Prof. V. Myrbach and executed in the department for Gobelin 
weaving of Mrs. Leopoldine Guttmann. Carpet, designed by 
Prof. Hoffmann, exucuted by J. Ginzkey in Maffersdorf. 

Two Panels in metal^mosaic, designed and executed in Prof. Kolo 
Moser's studio. 

Show-Leases containing Lace, Embroidery, Book^bindings, Enamels, 
Jewellery, wrought and cast Metal^work, small plastic objects 
in wood, stone and ivory. Designed and executed by students 
of different departments. 

Four decorated niches with ceramic objects, designed and exe^ 
cuted by students of the Industrial Course for Art^pottcry. 
(Manager Prof. Dr. Friedrich Linke.) 



57 



Desk with Albums and Pfcturebooks containing Algraphy and 
Woodcuts, designed, executed and printed in Professor 
V. Myrbach's department. 

On four tables: Portfolios and collective volumes with sketches 
and diagrams made in the departments of the Professors 
Oskar Beyer, Hermann Herdtle, Josef Hoffmann, Karl 
Karger, Erich Mallina, ^JWllibald Schulmeister and Rudolph 
V. Larisch. Photographs of plastic models from the depart^ 
ments of the Professors Josef Breitner, Hermann Klotz, 
Franz Metzner, Stephan Schwartz and Arthur Strasser. The 
objects exhibited here represent works of all the various 
branches of this School and also show the different stages 
and degrees of progress. Besides the results of the pre^ 
paratory classes of the general department we meet with 
works of the Professional Art Schools as well as with 
those of the workshops and technical classes. 



58 




Woodcut by Erwin Lang's General 
DD Course. dd 



s+ 



I 




Drawing by Agnes Spcycr. Prof. Kolo 
DD Moser's department. dd 



I 
1 




Wood'cut by Josef Strejc. Prof. 
Q V. Myrbach's department. d 




Sketch by Johann Stubner. Prof. Josef 
on Hoffmann's department. no 



I 



f 



f 



